First, is the principle of Beneficence in which testing among kin suffering from heart disease, cancer and similar conditions that are traced through one’s genes is deemed acceptable for as long as it would be utilized for the purpose of treating or evading the condition.
Clearly, this argument shows that the state acknowledges the woman’s right to avail of an abortion under her right to procreate. This review explores the ethical and social issues surrounding prenatal testing, with a particular focus on the NIPT. Moreover, while others perceive that genetic testing has tones of ostracism for children with genetic abnormalities, it may be seen from an opposite light. Barlevy D, Wasserman D, Stolerman M, Erskine KE, Dolan SM. Which disabilities to test for, or what genes to search for, is a judgement that should be made only through extensive consultation with members of the disabled community, including individuals who have suffered from or who have been directly associated with the disability which is said to be tested. There are some states where this has been permitted provided that the doctor provides a certification attesting that the pregnancy puts the life of the mother or of the fetus in jeopardy. 3099067 Nagwa, A. And for many other fetal conditions, it’s very difficult to predict how having a genetic condition will really play out in the future child. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! A new prenatal genetic testing technique using cell-free fetal DNA in maternal plasma, the Non-Invasive Prenatal Test (or NIPT), was introduced in Japan in 2013. ust under 20 years ago, a young scientist named Dennis Lo discovered fragments of fetal DNA circulating in pregnant women’s blood (now known as “circulating free DNA,” or cfDNA). Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT), based on analysis of cell-free foetal DNA, is rapidly becoming a preferred method to screen for chromosomal aneuploidy with the technology now available in over 90 countries. In effect, parents must use this procedure as a preparation for taking better care of a child who has a genetic abnormality, and not to abort the fetus (Hudson, 2004). 1999 Nov;89(11):1649-57. doi: 10.2105/ajph.89.11.1649. Some others have interventions. To access this item, please sign in to your personal account. Thus, the counseling which follows the procedure is not prescriptive in nature. The organization of difference: people with intellectual disabilities and the social model of disability. 5 Howick Place | London | SW1P 1WG. In this case, quality of life is not a consideration (Stoller, 1997). Create a new folder below. While the right of the women to procreate is unquestioned, there are subtleties that need to be addressed such as post-viability options following prenatal genetic testing. Parents have every right to know about the condition of their unborn child – however, it is the purpose for which they are undergoing the procedure that makes all the difference. I argue that this choice is drastically limited by social coercion through a discriminatory and stereotyped perception of the disabled community. These issues can be addressed to some extent through clinician education, patient information and establishing national and international consensus in the development of comprehensive and regularly updated guidelines. 2012 Jul 1;3(3):30-39. doi: 10.1080/21507716.2012.662573. In case you can’t find a sample example, our professional writers are ready to help you with writing Journal of Law and Selective Abortion, 12(1), 121-140.
Wang, E.C. Essay, Use multiple resourses when assembling your essay, Get help form professional writers when not sure you can do it yourself, Use Plagiarism Checker to double check your essay, Do not copy and paste free to download essays. Ten years of presymptomatic testing for Huntington’s disease: The experience of the UK Huntington’s Disease Prediction Consortium. Contemporary new born screening technology, particularly tandem mass spectrometry has the capacity of detecting as many as 20 various genetic abnormalities. In effect, the couple may find a doctor who is willing to compromise values and ethics for personal gain. Prenatal Genetic Testing • Testing of the fetus prior to birth in order to identify genetic mutations that may cause disease. The NIPT is easy and safe but not definitive; it also has high sensitivity and specificity under certain conditions. Roadhouse C, Shuman C, Anstey K, Sappleton K, Chitayat D, Ignagni E. J Genet Couns. NIH
This isn’t just because of biology, but also because access to support and interventions is so variable. Issues in Genetic Testing Another issue for any genetics test — prenatal or later in life — is its accuracy, as well as the number of false positives and false negatives it produces. It has to, because the technology is moving at a pace that’s “unprecedented in the history of prenatal care.” I’ve been researching the bioethical and social issues surrounding NIPT since it first appeared on the horizon, about five years ago, and I’m discovering that it taps into huge areas of change and controversy in medicine and society. By continuing we’ll assume you’re on board with our cookie policy, The input space is limited by 250 symbols, On Prenatal Genetic Testing: Ethical and Moral Issues.
Powerful marketing campaigns to both providers and patients, combined with limited published information and fast-moving technology, meant that many providers weren’t well informed about the tests – and some women were making wrenching decisions about their pregnancies based on incorrect assumptions. Live and let die? Genomic medicine. The good news is that many efforts to do this are mobilizing. Register to receive personalised research and resources by email, Clinical, social and ethical issues associated with non-invasive prenatal testing for aneuploidy. First, this group contends that while the procedure does provide critical genetic information, it is not without its constraints. While they do promote its utilization, the bottom lines of dignity and respect for human life must be upheld at all times. You have requested a machine translation of selected content from our databases. Norton, V. (1994). Despite the practical and psychological benefits, a number of concerns have been raised which warrant attention. Am J Public Health. However, it is their intention of why they are willing to undergo the process which has a value judgment that goes with it (Hudson, 2004). In the near future, it could be used not only for detecting chromosomal aneuploidy, but also complete genome analysis of the fetus.
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