Please enable Javascript to run. If you see deformed fruit in the field, you should inspect the fruit to see if the damage is due to tarnished plant bug or frost. Some features of this website require Javascript to be enabled for best usibility. Refer to the North Carolina Agricultural Chemicals Manual for materials recommended for use against tarnished plant bugs in North Carolina and the Southern Region Small Fruit Consortium Strawberry IPM Guide for regional recommendations.

Very young tarnished plant bugs (called nymphs) look similar to green aphids, but move more rapidly and lack cornicles (the pair of tube-like structures aphids have on their abdomens). Scientific Name

Once adults are present on weeds or crimson clover, they will migrate into strawberries when the weeds/clover are removed.

From fall to winter only adults are present as they prepare to overwinter in dead weeds, leaf litter and under tree bark. Strawberry fields near alfalfa and hay crops are at greater risk for plant bugs when these crops are mowed.

Due to poor pollination, seeds are variable in size, smaller on the injured area of the fruit but fully developed on the undamaged tissue.) long and green to brown in colour with triangular markings in the middle of the back. Their ability to feed on a wide range of hosts and have multiple generations per year make them an extraordinary and resilient pest. Advanced.

If one nymph per cluster is found treatment is recommended.

Read our The injury is described as “catfacing” or “button berry”. Seeds on fruit deformed due to poor pollination will vary in size, while those on fruit damaged by tarnished plant bugs will be uniform in size. We embody the University's land-grant mission with a commitment to eliminate hunger, preserve our natural resources, improve quality of life, and empower the next generation through world-class education. Tarnished plant bugs are a major pest of strawberries, and are found worldwide in a variety of crops. Depending on the temperature the nymphs will hatch in 7- 10 days. Learn how to identify and scout for tarnished plant bugs in strawberry fields.

Indians. Nymphs appear during strawberry bloom and are active through to the first harvest. Plant bugs have mouth parts that pierce and suck on plant juices. What causes misshapen strawberries? Frost often kills or deforms the king berries, leaving the secondary berries with little or no damage. They fly quickly when disturbed.

With frost damage, healthy and damaged fruit are on the same cluster.

Look for tarnished plant bugs at first bloom (late May) through to the green fruit stage. Typically the third instar stage has five black dorsal spots and is beginning to develop wing pads. Poor pollination (Plant bug injury can be distinguished by the size of the seeds. Like all true bugs, it develops through metamorphosis. Tarnished plant bug (TPB) (Lygus bug) adults are about ¼ inch long, oval, flattened, yellow to greenish brown, and have dark markings on their wings. In the spring, females begin laying eggs into …

These natural enemies will help reduce overall TPB populations. Nymphs generally emerge in mid May, feeding on the developing bloom and fruit.

Tarnished plant bugs usually cause little damage to the king berry, while destroying secondary blooms. The easiest way to sample for tarnished plant bugs is by using a beat sheet. Tarnished plant bug adults emerge in the spring, feeding on new buds and shoots of rapidly growing plants including weeds and strawberries.

Find more information at the following NC State Extension websites: N.C. Scouting Notes The adult tarnished plant bug has two pair of wings. Tarnished plant bug feeding produces distorted or “cat-faced” fruit.

There are 3-5 generations of this pest each year. Aphids. Their ability to feed on a wide range of hosts and have multiple generations per year make them an extraordinary and resilient pest. Receive Email Notifications for New Publications. If there are 1, 2 or 3 clusters infested, continue sampling and use the table below. They lay eggs on plant material once the temperature becomes 20°C (68°F) or higher. commitment to diversity. in length, depending on the instar. Tarnished plant bug is a season-long pest of strawberry, with both adults and nymphs causing misshapen or poorly-developed fruit. Sample one plant every 20’. N.C.

commitment to diversity. Lygus lineolaris. Be sure to correctly identify tarnished plant bugs and not to confuse them with beneficial big-eyed bugs. Frost Count the number of nymphs per 100 clusters. Period of Activity The bugs use their piercing-sucking mouthparts to feed on the flowers, fruit and seed pods of many weeds and crop plants, including strawberries. Potato leafhoppers Period of Activity

Though all bugs are insects, not all insects are bugs – but the TPB is a true bug in the order Hemiptera and family Miridae. Aphids. Biology Tarnished plant bugs usually damage the tip of the berry first, giving the berry the characteristic ‘seedy end’. REC, Western Maryland - Small Fruit IPM Blog, North Carolina Agricultural Chemicals Manual, Strawberry IPM Guide - Southern Region Small Fruit Consortium. Scientific Name Lygus lineolaris. Tarnished plant bugs are attracted to fast growing weeds and cover crops. This damage is due to seed feeding by nymphs or adults as fruit develop. Misshapen fruit due to poor pollination can readily be distinguished from those damaged by tarnished plant bugs by examining the seeds.

Damaged seeds are frequently brown on the outside and hollow on the inside. For very high or very low populations, fewer clusters can be examined before a decision can be made.

Tarnished plant bugs (Lygus lineolaris in the eastern US and L. hesperus in the western US), also known as lygus bugs, are an occasional summer pest of strawberries in North Carolina. REC, Baltimore County-Strawberry Jam EVENING Workshop, Food Preservation. The immature forms are pale green. Poor pollination They feed on strawberry fruit and bloom. Note variable seed sizes compared to a normal strawberry (bottom). There are several generations per year and all stages can be present throughout the summer.

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The immature forms are pale green.

If the sides of the fruit are damaged, and the tip is not seedy, you have frost damage. Thresholds Frost Adults emerge in the spring when the temperature reaches 8°C (46°F) to start the life cycle over again. A beat sheet can consist of a white tray, white piece of paper on a clipboard or white fabric drawn over a 12” embroidery hoop.

Spring is a good time to begin monitoring and, if necessary, controlling for tarnished plant bug, since early-season feeding is more damaging to your production than late-season feeding, and insecticide controls are most effective against the nymphs. For example, examine 20 clusters and note the number of clusters infested. Thresholds might be different for day neutral varieties. Frost or poor pollination can cause similar distortions, but most often the culprit is the tarnished plant bug (TPB, Lygus lineolaris). Dr. Gerald Brust - IPM Vegetable Specialist. These pests feed on the reproductive organs of the plants, probing the tissue repeatedly causing mechanical damage. Nymphs take a test bite to determine whether the plant is a good food source, if it is suitable it will continue puncturing and release digestive enzymes into the tissue. REC, Lower Eastern Shore When trying to make a distinction between frost and tarnished plant bug damage you should examine the entire cluster. A faster method that can be used when population are very low or very high is sequential sampling.

Most of the time customers will not notice minor tarnished plant bug damage. Nymphs appear during strawberry bloom and are active through to the first harvest. Feeding causes a number of problems including; fruit malformation, abnormal growth, cell death, abscission of fruiting structures and damage to seeds.

For sequential sampling count the number of infested clusters, not the number of nymphs per cluster.



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